Spanish Adjectives: Demonstrative & Possessive
Demonstrative Adjectives
| Distance | Masc. sing. | Masc. pl. | Fem. sing. | Fem. pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| this / these (near) | este | estos | esta | estas |
| that / those (nearby) | ese | esos | esa | esas |
| that / those (over there) | aquel | aquellos | aquella | aquellas |
They agree in gender and number with the noun
Ella va a comprar ese carro. She is going to buy that car.
Prefiero aquellos libros. I prefer those (farther away) books.
Uso esa computadora. I’m using that computer.
Me gustan estas novelas. I like these novels.
ese vs. aquel
Me gusta esa guitarra. I like that guitar.
Me gusta aquella guitarra. I like that guitar over there.
Repeat the demonstrative before each noun in a series
Ella quiere comprar ese suéter y estos pantalones. She wants to buy that sweater and these pants.
Possessive Adjectives
| Subject pronoun | Singular | Plural | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| yo | mi | mis | my |
| tú | tu | tus | your |
| él, ella, Ud. | su | sus | his, her, your |
| nosotros/as | nuestro/a | nuestros/as | our |
| vosotros/as | vuestro/a | vuestros/as | your |
| ellos, ellas, Uds. | su | sus | their, your |
Agreement with the noun
Mi hermana me llamó. My sister called me. (hermana – singular)
Mis amigas son tímidas. My friends are shy. (amigas – plural)
Nuestro carro es blanco. Our car is white. (carro – singular, masculine)
Nuestras hijas son jóvenes. Our daughters are young. (hijas – plural, feminine)
su / sus can mean his, her, or their
Su carro es verde. His/her/their car is green. (carro – singular)
Sus carros son nuevos. His/her/their cars are new. (carros – plural)
The de + person construction
La clase de la Sra. Martínez es aburrida. Mrs. Martínez’s class is boring.
El suéter de Isabel es bonito. Isabel’s sweater is pretty.
