Spanish Object Pronouns

How to say what, and to whom or for whom, an action is done — direct and indirect object pronouns, plus how to combine them in one sentence.

Direct Object Pronouns

The direct object answers what? (¿qué?) of the verb — it receives the action directly.

El gato persiguió al ratón. The cat chased the mouse. (¿Qué? — el ratón)

¿Tienes los cuadernos para la escuela? Do you have the notebooks for school? (¿Qué? — los cuadernos)

The pronouns

SingularPlural
memenosus
teyouosyou (pl., Spain)
lohim / you / it (masc.)losthem / you (masc.)
laher / you / it (fem.)lasthem / you (fem.)

They go before the conjugated verb and agree in gender & number

Quiero el gato gris. → Lo quiero. I want the grey cat. → I want it.

El niño comió los dulces. → El niño los comió. The boy ate the sweets. → The boy ate them.

Pedí la ensalada. → La pedí. I ordered the salad. → I ordered it.

Los estudiantes borran las pizarras. → Los estudiantes las borran. The students erase the whiteboards. → The students erase them.

With an infinitive: before the verb or attached to it

La tienes que buscar. = Tienes que buscarla. You have to look for her.

With commands

Affirmative commands attach the pronoun (with a written accent); negative commands put it before the verb.

Tómalo. Take it.

Llámame. Call me.

¡No lo toques! Don’t touch it!

No me molestes. Don’t bother me.

Indirect Object Pronouns

The indirect object answers to whom or for whom an action is done — in Spanish, ¿a quién?

Dio su tarea a la profesora. He gave his homework to the teacher. (¿A quién? — a la profesora)

Ella me dijo un secreto. She told me a secret. (¿A quién? — a mí)

The pronouns

SingularPlural
memenosus
teyouosyou (pl., Spain)
lehim / her / youlesthem / you

They usually go before the conjugated verb

¡Te digo en serio! I’m telling you the truth!

Mis padres me regalaron ropa nueva. My parents gave me new clothes.

Ellos nos invitaron pero no podemos ir. They invited us, but we can’t go.

Third-person forms are often clarified

le and les can mean he, she, they or you, so the person is often named as well:

Le dije a Ana. I told Ana.

Le dije a usted. I told you (formal).

Siempre les entrego la tarea a mis profesores. I always hand in the homework to my professors.

With an infinitive: before the verb or attached to it

Debes decirles la verdad. = Les debes decir la verdad. You should tell them the truth.

With commands

Affirmative commands attach the pronoun and add a written accent over the stressed vowel; negative commands put the pronoun before the verb.

Dígame a qué hora se va. Tell me what time you’re leaving.

Cómprame algo caro. Buy me something expensive.

¡No le digas a ella! Don’t tell her!

No nos traigas nada. Don’t bring us anything.

Double Object Pronouns

What happens when a sentence has both an indirect and a direct object pronoun? You use them together.

¿Me explicas el tema? Will you explain the topic to me?

Sí, te lo explico. Yes, I’ll explain it to you.

The two sets side by side

Indirect objectDirect object
meme
tete
le → selo / la
nosnos
osos
les → selos / las

Indirect always comes before direct — both before the verb

¿Me preparas la comida? Will you prepare the food for me?

Sí, te la preparo. Yes, I’ll prepare it for you.

¿Cuándo me vas a arreglar el carro? When are you going to fix my car?

Te lo arreglo mañana. I’ll fix it for you tomorrow.

le / les become se before lo, la, los, las

Los estudiantes les entregan la tarea a la profesora. The students turn the homework in to the professor.

Los estudiantes se la entregan. The students turn it in to her.

With infinitives: before the verb or attached (with an accent)

¿Me lo vas a traer? Are you going to bring it to me?

¿Vas a traérmelo? Are you going to bring it to me?

A simple 3-step method

1. Identify the indirect and direct objects — ask what? and for whom?   Eduardo prepara una cena a nosotros → ¿Qué? una cena · ¿A quién? a nosotros.
2. Replace each object with its pronoun — una cena → la · nosotros → nos.
3. Rewrite, changing le/les to se when needed — Eduardo nos la prepara.

More examples

El perro trae el periódico a mí. → El perro me lo trae.

Alicia regaló un libro a su hermana. → Alicia se lo regaló.

Tengo que comprar el almuerzo a mi hija. → Tengo que comprárselo.

Debes dar el dinero a nosotros. → Debes dárnoslo.

New to the individual pronouns? Jump back to direct and indirect object pronouns above.

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